Houston Methodist researchers have found that sure parts of so-called “good” ldl cholesterol — high-density lipoproteins (HDL) – could also be related to an elevated prevalence of heart problems.
Led by Henry J. Pownall, Ph.D., professor of biochemistry in medication on the Houston Methodist Analysis Institute, and Khurram Nasir, M.D., M.P.H., a heart specialist and division chief of cardiovascular prevention and wellness at Houston Methodist, the analysis group is utilizing progressive strategies to research the function of sure properties of HDL in coronary heart well being.
“Throughout routine checkups, adults have their levels of cholesterol examined, which incorporates each ‘unhealthy’ (LDL) and ‘good’ (HDL) ldl cholesterol,” mentioned Pownall, who’s the corresponding creator on a research that appeared within the Journal of Lipid Analysis, a month-to-month peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1959 and printed by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. “Not all ldl cholesterol, nevertheless, is born the identical. What is just not generally acknowledged is that every kind of ldl cholesterol has two varieties – free ldl cholesterol, which is lively and concerned in mobile capabilities, and esterified, or sure, ldl cholesterol, which is extra steady and able to be saved within the physique. An excessive amount of free ldl cholesterol, even whether it is in HDL, may contribute to coronary heart illness.”
In pre-clinical research, the analysis group found that HDL with a excessive content material of free ldl cholesterol is probably going dysfunctional. To validate their findings and show their speculation, they’re at the moment on the midway level of the NIH-funded Houston Coronary heart Examine wherein they are going to be learning 400 sufferers with a variety of plasma HDL concentrations. Pownall and Nasir are the co-PIs of the research.
Essentially the most stunning discovering from our research up to now is that there’s a sturdy hyperlink between the quantity of free ldl cholesterol in HDL and the way a lot of it accumulates in white blood cells referred to as macrophages, which may contribute to coronary heart illness,”
Henry J. Pownall, Ph.D., professor of biochemistry in medication on the Houston Methodist Analysis Institute
Whereas it was beforehand thought that the switch of free ldl cholesterol to HDL was helpful for coronary heart well being by eradicating extra ldl cholesterol from tissues, Pownall mentioned their information exhibits that within the context of excessive plasma HDL concentrations, the reverse is true, whereby free ldl cholesterol switch from HDL to the white blood cells in blood and tissues may truly elevate one’s threat for heart problems.
The researchers say as soon as they attain their quick objective of displaying that extra free ldl cholesterol in HDL is related to extra heart problems, they plan to develop new diagnostics and coverings for managing coronary heart illness, in addition to use HDL-free ldl cholesterol as a biomarker to determine sufferers requiring HDL-lowering therapies.
“We anticipate with the ability to attain our first objective in lower than three years, as there are some recognized medication that have an effect on free ldl cholesterol in pre-clinical fashions, so this could possibly be examined in people if our exams justify using these recognized therapeutics,” Pownall mentioned.
If they’re profitable, Pownall proposes that they might doubtlessly be capable to apply what they be taught to sufferers in a scientific setting as shortly as six years from now.
Pownall and Nasir’s collaborators on this research have been Baiba Gillard, Corina Rosales, Dedipya Yelamanchili and Antonio M. Gotto Jr. with the Houston Methodist Analysis Institute; Miguel Caínzos Achirica with the Hospital del Mar Analysis Institute in Barcelona, Spain; and Alan T. Remaley with the Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory within the Translational Vascular Drugs Department of the Nationwide Coronary heart, Lung, and Blood Institute on the Nationwide Institutes of Well being (NIH).
This work was supported by grants from the NIH’s Nationwide Coronary heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL149804 and R01HL163535) and by the Houston Methodist Hospital Basis.
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Journal reference:
Yelamanchili, D., et al. (2025). HDL-free ldl cholesterol inflow into macrophages and switch to LDL correlate with HDL-free ldl cholesterol content material. Journal of Lipid Analysis. doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100707.
